Adding FTP Authorization <add>

Overview

The <add> element of the <authorization> collection defines an authorization rule that will either allow or deny access to specified users, groups, anonymous users, or all users.

The accessType attribute specifies either of two types of authorization rules:

• Allow rules let you define the user accounts or user groups that can access a site, a URL, or all the sites on a server.
• Deny rules let you define the user accounts or user groups that cannot access a site, a URL, or all the sites on a server.

Compatibility

Note: The FTP 7.0 and FTP 7.5 services shipped out-of-band for IIS 7.0, which required downloading and installing the modules from the following URL:

http://www.iis.net/expand/FTP

With Windows 7 and Windows Server 2008 R2, the FTP 7.5 service ships as a feature for IIS 7.5, so downloading the FTP service is no longer necessary.

Setup

To support FTP publishing for your Web server, you must install the FTP service. To do so, use the following steps.

IIS 7.5 for Windows Server 2008 R2

1. On the taskbar, click Start, point to Administrative Tools, and then click Server Manager.
2. In the Server Manager hierarchy pane, expand Roles, and then click Web Server (IIS).
3. In the Web Server (IIS) pane, scroll to the Role Services section, and then click Add Role Services.
4. On the Select Role Services page of the Add Role Services Wizard, expand FTP Server.
5. Select FTP Service.
   
   Note: To support ASP.Membership authentication or IIS Manager authentication for the FTP service, you will also need to select FTP Extensibility.
   
6. Click Next.
7. On the Confirm Installation Selections page, click Install.
8. On the Results page, click Close.

IIS 7.5 for Windows 7

1. On the taskbar, click Start, and then click Control Panel.
2. In Control Panel, click Programs and Features, and then click Turn Windows Features on or off.
3. Expand Internet Information Services, and then FTP Server.
4. Select FTP Service.
   
   Note: To support ASP.Membership authentication or IIS Manager authentication for the FTP service, you will also need to select FTP Extensibility.
   
5. Click OK.

IIS 7.0 for Windows Server 2008 and Windows Vista

1. Download the installation package from the following URL:
   • http://www.iis.net/expand/FTP
2. Follow the instructions in the following walkthrough to install the FTP service:
   • Installing and Troubleshooting FTP 7

How To

How to add an FTP authorization rule

1. Open Internet Information Services (IIS) Manager:
   • If you are using Windows Server 2008 or Windows Server 2008 R2:
     • On the taskbar, click Start, point to Administrative Tools, and then click Internet Information Services (IIS) Manager.
   • If you are using Windows Vista or Windows 7:
     • On the taskbar, click Start, and then click Control Panel.
     • Double-click Administrative Tools, and then double-click Internet Information Services (IIS) Manager.
2. In the Connections pane, expand the server name, expand Sites, and then navigate to the site or URL on which you want to configure authorization.
3. In the Home pane, double-click Authorization Rules.
   
4. To add a new authorization rule, click Add Allow Rule... or Add Deny Rule... in the Actions pane.
5. Apply the authorization settings needed for your site or application. There are two sections that need to be considered:
   • Allow access to this content to: Use the radio buttons to specify that the access rule will apply to:
     • All Users
     • All Anonymous Users
     • Specified roles or user groups (multiple groups/roles can be separated by a comma)
     • Specified users (multiple users can be separated by a comma)
   • Permissions: Use the check box to specify Read or Write access for the rule.
     
6. Click OK.

Configuration

The <add> element is configured at the server, site, or URL level.

Attributes

Child Elements

None.

Configuration Sample

The following sample illustrates several security-related configuration settings in the <system.ftpServer> element for an FTP site. More specifically, the <location> settings in this example demonstrate how to:

• Specify an FTP authorization rule for read and write access for the administrators group.
• Specify FTP request filtering options that deny *.exe, *.bat, and *.cmd files.
• Specify FTP request limits for a maximum content length of 1000000 bytes and a maximum URL length of 1024 bytes.
• Block FTP access to the _vti_bin virtual directory, which is used with the FrontPage Server Extensions.
• Specify FTP IP filtering options that allow access from 127.0.0.1 and deny access from the 169.254.0.0/255.255.0.0 range of IP addresses.

<location path="ftp.example.com">
  <system.ftpServer>
    <security>
      <authorization>
        <add accessType="Allow" roles="administrators" permissions="Read, Write" />
      </authorization>
      <requestFiltering>
        <fileExtensions allowUnlisted="true">
          <add fileExtension=".exe" allowed="false" />
          <add fileExtension=".bat" allowed="false" />
          <add fileExtension=".cmd" allowed="false" />
        </fileExtensions>
        <requestLimits maxAllowedContentLength="1000000" maxUrl="1024" />
        <hiddenSegments>
          <add segment="_vti_bin" />
        </hiddenSegments>
      </requestFiltering>
      <ipSecurity enableReverseDns="false" allowUnlisted="true">
        <add ipAddress="127.0.0.1" allowed="true" />
        <add ipAddress="169.254.0.0" subnetMask="255.255.0.0" allowed="false" />
      </ipSecurity>
    </security>
  </system.ftpServer>
</location>

Sample Code

The following examples add two FTP authorization rules for the Default Web Site. The first rule allows read and write access for the administrators group, and the second rule denies read and write access for the guest account.

AppCmd.exe

appcmd.exe set config "Default Web Site" -section:system.ftpServer/security/authorization /+"[accessType='Allow',roles='administrators',permissions='Read, Write']" /commit:apphost

appcmd.exe set config "Default Web Site" -section:system.ftpServer/security/authorization /+"[accessType='Deny',users='guest',permissions='Read, Write']" /commit:apphost

Note: You must be sure to set the commit parameter to apphost when you use AppCmd.exe to configure these settings. This commits the configuration settings to the appropriate location section in the ApplicationHost.config file.

C#

using System;
using System.Text;
using Microsoft.Web.Administration;

internal static class Sample
{
   private static void Main()
   {
      using (ServerManager serverManager = new ServerManager())
      {
         Configuration config = serverManager.GetApplicationHostConfiguration();
         ConfigurationSection authorizationSection = config.GetSection("system.ftpServer/security/authorization", "Default Web Site");
         ConfigurationElementCollection authorizationCollection = authorizationSection.GetCollection();

         ConfigurationElement addElement = authorizationCollection.CreateElement("add");
         addElement["accessType"] = @"Allow";
         addElement["roles"] = @"administrators";
         addElement["permissions"] = @"Read, Write";
         authorizationCollection.Add(addElement);

         ConfigurationElement addElement1 = authorizationCollection.CreateElement("add");
         addElement1["accessType"] = @"Deny";
         addElement1["users"] = @"guest";
         addElement1["permissions"] = @"Read, Write";
         authorizationCollection.Add(addElement1);

         serverManager.CommitChanges();
      }
   }
}

VB.NET

Imports System
Imports System.Text
Imports Microsoft.Web.Administration

Module Sample
   Sub Main()
      Dim serverManager As ServerManager = New ServerManager
      Dim config As Configuration = serverManager.GetApplicationHostConfiguration
      Dim authorizationSection As ConfigurationSection = config.GetSection("system.ftpServer/security/authorization", "Default Web Site")
      Dim authorizationCollection As ConfigurationElementCollection = authorizationSection.GetCollection

      Dim addElement As ConfigurationElement = authorizationCollection.CreateElement("add")
      addElement("accessType") = "Allow"
      addElement("roles") = "administrators"
      addElement("permissions") = "Read, Write"
      authorizationCollection.Add(addElement)

      Dim addElement1 As ConfigurationElement = authorizationCollection.CreateElement("add")
      addElement1("accessType") = "Deny"
      addElement1("users") = "guest"
      addElement1("permissions") = "Read, Write"
      authorizationCollection.Add(addElement1)

      serverManager.CommitChanges()
   End Sub
End Module

JavaScript

var adminManager = new ActiveXObject('Microsoft.ApplicationHost.WritableAdminManager');
adminManager.CommitPath = "MACHINE/WEBROOT/APPHOST";
var authorizationSection = adminManager.GetAdminSection("system.ftpServer/security/authorization", "MACHINE/WEBROOT/APPHOST/Default Web Site");
var authorizationCollection = authorizationSection.Collection;

var addElement = authorizationCollection.CreateNewElement("add");
addElement.Properties.Item("accessType").Value = "Allow";
addElement.Properties.Item("roles").Value = "administrators";
addElement.Properties.Item("permissions").Value = "Read, Write";
authorizationCollection.AddElement(addElement);

var addElement1 = authorizationCollection.CreateNewElement("add");
addElement1.Properties.Item("accessType").Value = "Deny";
addElement1.Properties.Item("users").Value = "guest";
addElement1.Properties.Item("permissions").Value = "Read, Write";
authorizationCollection.AddElement(addElement1);

adminManager.CommitChanges();

VBScript

Set adminManager = createObject("Microsoft.ApplicationHost.WritableAdminManager")
adminManager.CommitPath = "MACHINE/WEBROOT/APPHOST"

Set authorizationSection = adminManager.GetAdminSection("system.ftpServer/security/authorization", "MACHINE/WEBROOT/APPHOST/Default Web Site")
Set authorizationCollection = authorizationSection.Collection

Set addElement = authorizationCollection.CreateNewElement("add")
addElement.Properties.Item("accessType").Value = "Allow"
addElement.Properties.Item("roles").Value = "administrators"
addElement.Properties.Item("permissions").Value = "Read, Write"
authorizationCollection.AddElement(addElement)

Set addElement1 = authorizationCollection.CreateNewElement("add")
addElement1.Properties.Item("accessType").Value = "Deny"
addElement1.Properties.Item("users").Value = "guest"
addElement1.Properties.Item("permissions").Value = "Read, Write"
authorizationCollection.AddElement(addElement1)

adminManager.CommitChanges()